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Understanding Flow Measurement

What is flow rate?

Flow rate can be categorized into instantaneous flow rate and cumulative flow rate.

"Instantaneous flow rate"

This refers to the volume or mass of fluid flowing per unit time.
When considering the volume of a fluid, it is called volumetric flow rate. Generally, when people refer to flow rate, they are often referring to volumetric flow rate, and even in Japan's Measurement Law, volumetric flow rate is simply referred to as flow rate. When considering mass, it is called mass flow rate.

"Cumulative flow rate"

This refers to the cumulative value of the amount that flowed from the start to the end of the measurement.
The term "flow rate" can refer to various things, and if you don't clarify which flow rate is being discussed based on the surrounding context and units, the conversation may not make sense.

Units of instantaneous flow rate

  International System of Units (SI) metrology law
Instantaneous volumetric flow rate [m3/s] [L/h] and [L/min] are also accepted.
instantaneous mass flow rate [kg/s] [kg/h], [g/min], and [g/s] are also accepted.

Unit of cumulative flow

  International System of Units (SI) metrology law
Cumulative volumetric flow rate [m3] [L] and [mm 3] are also recognized.
Integrated mass flow rate [kg] [g] also acknowledges this.

* Since volume changes with pressure and temperature, measurement conditions such as temperature and pressure must be clearly stated. If "standard conditions" is used in the measurement conditions, it is necessary to specify which standard conditions are being referred to. (Standard pressure and temperature vary depending on the standard.)

Flow rate measurement

We offer a variety of detectors for accurately measuring the fuel consumption of internal combustion engines. You can choose the detector that best suits your measurement needs.

How to select a pixel

  1. Confirm the state and properties of the fluid to be measured.
    We will confirm the conditions to be measured and the basic properties of the fluid at that time, such as the flow rate range, fluid temperature, pressure, density, viscosity, saturated vapor pressure, and corrosiveness.

  2. Clearly define the objective and determine the detection method.
    We determine the detection method by considering your desired measurement objectives and the overall system, such as the required flow rate accuracy and resolution, whether you want to measure the cumulative value of a constant flow rate, whether you want to capture the change in transient flow rates with high precision, whether you want to measure flow rates in hazardous areas, or whether you want to control the fluid temperature and pressure in addition to flow rate measurement.

  3. Review the product specifications and narrow down the products to be adopted.
    From the products that match the detection method in 2., we will narrow down the selection to products that meet the requirements in 1. For detailed specifications, please contact our sales department.

Examples of Flow Measurement Systems

Items to consider example Content
Fuel type Gasoline, diesel fuel, alcohol-blended fuel, LPG (liquid), gas The FP, FZ, and FX series are designed for liquid measurement. For substances like LPG, which are gases at room temperature and pressure but become liquids when pressurized and cooled, the system is designed to maintain the liquid state. Gas flow rate measurement is possible with the FZ series depending on the conditions.
* calibration using gases is not possible. The report will be based on the results of tests using liquids. Please note this.
Required flow rate (unit) Volumetric flow rate (L/h) The FP series allows for direct measurement of volumetric flow rate.
The FZ series allows for the conversion of simultaneously measured density data into volumetric flow rate.
Mass flow rate (kg/h) The FP series, when combined with the compact Fuel Density Meter FD-5110 or the FZ series, allows for real-time conversion to mass flow rate.
The FZ series allows for direct mass flow measurement.
The FX series allows for direct mass (weight) flow rate measurement.
Flow rate range I want to measure within the range of 1.0 to 80 L/h. Select a detector in accordance with the measurement range of each product.
Transient measurement I want to graph the instantaneous flow rate using 10 ms sampling. The FP series calculates the flow rate by converting the flow rate into a pulse signal and counting it with the FM-3100. The FM-3100 is capable of outputting in 1 ms (analog/CAN).
The FZ series outputs mass flow rate values from the FM-3100 every 100 ms. The FX series outputs weight flow rate values from the FM-3100 every 100 ms.
Primary fuel supply pressure 300 kPa The FP series can accurately measure flow rates by installing a detector, provided the primary fuel supply pressure is 100 kPa or higher.
The FZ series detector has pressure loss of approximately 100 kPa at 1090 kg/h. The relationship with the secondary fuel supply pressure must be considered. *The primary fuel supply pressure refers to the pressure at the building's fuel supply port in the case of an engine bench.
Fuel secondary supply pressure 350 kPa In this example, the secondary supply pressure is higher than the primary supply pressure, so it is necessary to boost the pressure using a pump or similar device.
An assembly including a fuel flow sensor is required. Please contact us for details. *In the case of an engine bench test, secondary fuel supply pressure refers to the pressure supplied to the engine.
Temperature control Not required/necessary If temperature control is required, such as maintaining a constant fuel supply temperature, an assembly is necessary. Please contact us for details.

Connection Diagram

  • Connection Diagram

Lineup

Positive flow detector
  Standard type Low pressure loss type Explosion-proof type Compact and environmentally resistant
Improvement type
Pressure-resistant explosion-proof Internal pressure explosion protection
Low flow rate type FP-5130 series FP-213S FP-3130 series FP-3130S series FP-4135
Medium flow rate type FP-5140 series FP-2140S FP-3140 series -
High flow rate type FP-5150 series - FP-3150 series -
small Fuel Density Meter
Standard type FD-5110
Coriolis continuous mass flowmeter
Low flow rate type Made to order
Medium flow rate type FZ-2200A
Mass burette type flow meter
Low flow rate type FX-1110
Medium flow rate type FX-1120
High flow rate type FX-1130

Measurement principle